Prehistory and environment

 Prehistoric period, also known as Prehistory, refers to the period of human evolution that lay before advent of written records extending back to at least 2.6 million years.

Prehistory has been established as a branch of archaeology proper after landmark research done by scholars like: 

a) Daniel Wilson (The Archaeology and Prehistoric Annals of Scotland, 1851),

b) Charles Darwin (On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 1859), and

c) Sir John Lubbock (Prehistoric Times: As Illustrated by Ancient Remains and the Manners and Customs of Modern Savages, 1865).

The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared c. 5000 years ago and it took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted.

In some human cultures, writing systems were not used until the nineteenth century and, in a few, are not even used until the present. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different dates in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently.

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