Explain the development of Archaeological Anthropology

 Development of Archaeological Anthropology:-Archaeology deals with the study of antiquarian remains, which are brought together under the phrase archaeological record. It has three or four major components. First, there are individual objects ranging from stone tools to pots and pans to metal objects to beads, pendants and other ornaments to seals and coins.

The second category consists of a variety of features, structures and monuments such as hearths, house floors, religions, military and commercial structures, and burials and burial monuments. Then there are some art creations such as painted or incised designs on pottery, terracotta or metal figurines and rock part.

But the archaeological record also includes materials and remains which, although not made by man, are closely associated with archaeological sites, such as soils and sediments, plant and animal remains, ore and slag pieces, and rocks and siliceous stone pieces. On the landscape we notice these various categories of antiquarian remains are generally found together as clusters. 

These clusters are called sites which may be small or large like the Mohenjodaro and Harappa mounds. Depending upon the type of human activity that took place on these spots, archaeological sites are again distinguished into various classes such as habitation sites, animal penning stations, factory sites, religious sites, commercial sites and military sites. Over the last four to five centuries important changes took place from time to time in the aims and methods adopted for dealing with the archaeological record.

They prepared short descriptions of the remains along with sketches and drawings. These studies were of a random type, motivated by general human urges like curiosity about surroundings, spirit of romanticism and adventure, instinct of pleasure, respect to ancestors, etc.

There was nothing like any commonly accepted methodology. Rather the amateurs felt free to adopt their own methods of commonsense for describing illustrating the ancient remains. It was only in the second quarter that the element of acquiring knowledge about the past societies through their discarded items not only emerges into the picture but witnessed three or four swift shifts in the perspectives.

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