Web 2.0 is the term given to describe a second generation of the World Wide Web that is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online. Web 2.0 basically refers to the transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web that is more organized and is based on serving Web applications to users.
Other improved functionality of Web 2.0 includes open communication with an emphasis on Web-based communities of users, and more open sharing of information. Over time Web 2.0 has been used more as a marketing term than a computer-science-based term. Blogs, wikis, and Web servicesare all seen as components of Web 2.0.
Web 2.0 was previously used as a synonym for Semantic Web, but while the two are similar, they do not share precisely the same meaning.
Web 2.0 is the current state of online technology as it compares to the early days of the Web, characterized by greater user interactivity and collaboration, more pervasive network connectivity and enhanced communication channels.
Web 2.0 focuses on providing online interactions by employing three forms of connectivity: people to people, online services, and users and software applications:
- People to people: Web 2.0 provides interpersonal computing functionality primarily in the form of social networking. Wiki, blogs, online video, dating services, etc. are readily available and encourage each of us to not only read content, but also add to it by exchanging opinions, joining online discussions, and posting informative and helpful videos.
- Online services: Online services constitute the second form of Web 2.0 connectivity. Online services are unique in Web 2.0 in that these services combine the functionality of multiple websites to perform an action. For example, payment services like PayPal combine their capabilities with banking partners to process online payments. Mapping services are another example in which GPS information is combined with mapping functionality, providing topology, traffic and other geographical information.
- Users and software applications: Our third form of connectivity is users and software applications, commonly referred to as 'software as a service' (SaaS). Software applications as part of Web 2.0 are available online either free or for a small monthly fee. Using SaaS, we no longer need to download expensive and expansive software applications such as Microsoft Office or Adobe's popular graphic software Photoshop. Instead, Web 2.0 enables access to these and other programs using a browser application and a connection to the Internet.
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