Explain the features of the Karpoori Thakur Formula.

 The Karpoori Thakur Formula is a way to sub-divide the OBC quota into sub-categories between the dominant communities among the OBCs and the marginalized castes among them known as MBCs (Most Backward Classes) or the EBCs (Extremely Backward Classes). The formula is known as the Karpoori Thakur Formula after the name of Karpoori Thakur, who as the chief minister of Bihar, sub-divided OBC quota into different categories when he introduced OBC quota in Bihar in the 1970s.

 

The provisions for reservation for the OBCs have limitations. The principal among these is as follows. As the OBCs is a group of castes having unequal levels of social, economic, educational and political standards. The OBCs consist of politically and economically influential farming communities such as Yadavs, Kurmis, Jats, Vokaliggas, Gujars, etc. as well of socially and economically marginalized castes who had traditional occupations associated with Jajmani system. The latter are also known as the MBCs (Most Backward Classes) or the EBCs (Extremely Backward Classes). Although they consist of large number of castes, singly they have smaller number in comparison to the landed OBCs. The MBCs allege that due to their dominant positions, the landed middle castes OBCs have been able to appropriate larger share of reservation meant for the OBCs. They demand that the OBC quota should be subdivided among different castes constituting the OBCs – the landed middle caste OBCs and the MBCs. Karpoori Thakur formula suggests such sub-division of the quota. Indeed, Karpoori Thakur formula has become the common reference point in demand for sub-division of the OBC quota by the MBCs/EBS in states such as Uttar Pradesh. When Karpoori Thakur was the chief minister of Bihar, he introduced reservation in the 1970s for the OBCs by dividing into dominant and marginalized backward classes known as Extremely Backward Classes (EBCs) or the Most Backward Classes (MBCs).

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