Describe the working phases in multi-dimensional family therapy.

 MDFT works in three sequential phases. These are as follows:

Phase 1: Forming a therapeutic alliance: This phase includes preparation of the family and adolescent for the process of intervention, projecting the process of intervention as a collaborative process, defining goals of intervention, and instilling hope and motivation in adolescent and family members.

Phase 2: Making changes: This phase includes behavioural modifications like decision making, teaching pro-social behaviours, development of the better social networks, getting more focussed towards school activities, and changing attitudes and beliefs substance use in both adolescent and family members.

Phase 3: Termination of the treatment: In this phase, behavioural, emotional and cognitive changes are maintained and the counsellor moves towards termination of the intervention process. The number of sessions depends upon the counsellor, however, standard form may include 25 sessions over 6 months in the case of non-opioid dependence in adolescents.

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