Central Asian States

 It has been said politics without History has no root; History without politics bears no fruits as such detailed past history is necessary. Central Asian states were mostly inhabited by warrior tribes who were mostly Turks and Mongols.

These were conquered by Muslim Arab Caliphs. They all embraced Muslim religion and became fanatic bigot Muslims. Mahmood Ghaznavi and Mohammed Ghori etc. were Turk warriors and conquerors. They ruled independently but acknowledged Caliphs of Baghdad as their overlords.

Mongol conqueror Chengiz Khan and Halaku Khan destroyed Khilafat. Chengiz Khan is considered one of the greatest conqueror known to History Mongols conquered a very great part of Asia and Russia. They embraced Muslim religion and began to marry with Turks. Taimur Lang, who was probable Turk, called himself Mongol and conquered a very great part of Asia. He is also considered a great conqueror. After him, his kingdom was divided.

Babar who had mixed blood of Turks and Mughals established Mughal rule in India which lasted upto 1707. But Central Asian states came under the rule of Sultan of Turkey whose Central Asian states were conquered by Russian. Russia was under Mongol rule. It threw Mongol rule. Peter the Great and Catherine the Great made it a great power and extended its empire from Petrograde to Vladivostak. It emerged as superpower after Second WorldWar.

Even today scholars of the world heave a collective sigh at the suddenness and rapidity with which the Communist empire built by Joseph Stalin from Eastern Europe in the west to Mongolia in the east collapsed in 1991. Colonialim of the Marxist-Leninist variety lasted for a brief period of only 74 years but left an indelible mark on mankind’s collective political experience and ideology and social and economic set up. 

The years between Stalin’s death in 1953 and the final denouncement of the Soviet Union are filled with glorious achievements climaxed by going to moon and mankind’s conquest of space. But there was also a darker side to it. The U.S.S.R. was at its core was a totalitarian state where every kind of human freedom, be it in the form of free speech or individual enterprise or choice of profession was suppressed with much brutality.

This had a disastrous impact on the nation’s economic fundamentals which left the U.S.S.R. unable to compete with the Western world by the United State and European powers in the Cold War. The satellite states of U.S.S.R. in Europe, known collectively as the East Bloc also found communism, which meant total subjugation to the USSR incompatible with their national pride and social set up and historical tradition.

After Second World War U.S.S.R. took East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, etc. under her control.  Lithuania, Latevia and Estonia etc. were already under her control. Yugoslavia, and Albania escaped from control of U.S.S.R. Revolts of Hungary and of Czechoslavakia were controlled by iron hands. Stalin was greatest dictator of U.S.S.R.

The death of Stalin is shrouded in Mystery

Recent researches point to the strong possibility that Joseph Stalin was probably poisoned by his close aides who were apprehensive of the USSR landing into another world war due to his aggressive policies whatever may be the truth, the death of Stalin unleashed a power struggle within the Kremlin, the seat of Government of U.S.S.R. marked by considerable bloodshed conspiracies and silent coups.

Millions of Soviet citizens had known no other political leader and so were shocked at his death. But his close aides Le Lavrentiberia, the chief of the secret police organisation called the KGB; Geotgi Malenkov the premier and Nikita Khrushchev, the senior party chief who in the late 1930s had overseen a brutal massacre of opponents of Stalin in Ukraine just led to fill up the vacuum left by their chief.

But within months Khrushchev emerged on top, Beria the hated police chief, who had personally overseen the death of millions, was shot dead. Malenkov was set aside, so Khrushchev became most powerful leader of U.S.S.R.

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