An Epidemic is generally defined as the process of rapidly spreading of infectious diseases within a short period of time into a large number of people in a given population and spread over to several countries or continent.
An Epidemic is derived from a Greek word which refers to upon or above people. Bubonic plague, Cholera, Influenza, SARSand Smallpox, are some of the common examples of Epidemics.
An epidemic may be restricted to one location, however, if it spreads to other countries or continents and affects a substantial number of people, it may be termed a pandemic The declaration of an epidemic usually requires a good understanding of a baseline rate of incidence: epidemics for certain diseases, such as influenza, are defined as reaching some defined increase in incidence above this baseline.
A few cases of a very rare disease may be classified as an epidemic, while many cases of a common disease (such as the common cold) would not.
An epidemic can cause enormous damage through financial and economic losses in addition to impaired health and loss of life.
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