The main objective of library classification is to arrange the library documents in afiliatory sequence for the convenience of both the readers and the staff in the library. Infact, According to Dr. S.R. Ranganathan, library classification mechanizes the correctre placement of library documents after use, fixes the most helpful place for a newly added document or a book amongst the other books available in the library on a similar subject and files the most helpful place for the first document on such other already existing subjects which are related to it. For this purpose, the class number must be coextensive with the subject of a document and easy subject must be individualized to the extent that no other subject must share the same class number.
Some points that elaborate the need and purpose of Library Classification.
(i) Helpful Sequence: The basic purpose of any library classification should be to arrange the documents in a method most convenient to the users and to the library staff. The documents should be arranged in classes, and based on the mutual relations between them. This would bring together closely related classes. In other words, related documents would be grouped in close proximity, the basic idea being that like classes are brought together and unlike classes are separated.
(ii) Correct Replacement: Documents after being taken out from shelves by the users or by the library staff should, after being used, be replaced in their proper places. It is essential that library classification should enable the correct replacement of documents, after these have been returned from use. This would require a mechanized arrangement, which has been discussed in the next section.
(iii) Mechanized Arrangement: If it is decided that a particular arrangement is suitable then, ordinarily, it should not be changed. The sequence should be determined once for all, so that one does not have to re-determine the sequence of documents again when these are returned after being borrowed, or for the interpolation of new documents in their correct places. This is done by allocating notation, which expresses order. Thus, it becomes possible to easily insert or reinsert the various documents in their correct places. This is how we are able to mechanize the arrangement.
(iv) Addition of New Documents: A library would acquire new documents from time to time. Therefore, library classification should help in finding the most helpful place for each of these among the existing collection of the library. There are two possibilities in this regard. The new books may be on a subject already provided for in the scheme of library classification, or it may be on a newly emerging subject, which may not have been provided for in the existing scheme. In the second case, the scheme should have inbuilt qualities which may allow the fixing the position of the newly emerging subjects amidst another subject having literary warrant.
(v) Withdrawal of Documents from Stock: In case, the need arises to withdraw a document from the stock for some reason, the library classification should facilitate such a withdrawal.
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