Write a note on As͎t͎ānga Yoga?

 a) Write a note on As͎t͎ānga Yoga?

Ans – Ashtanga Yoga is a system of yoga codified by the ancient Indian sage Patanjali in his text, the Yoga Sutras. Ashtanga Yoga is a comprehensive eight-limbed path that aims to integrate the body, mind, and spirit through various practices and disciplines. The eight limbs are Yama (ethical guidelines), Niyama (self-discipline), Asana (posture), Pranayama (breath control), Pratyahara (withdrawal of senses), Dharana (concentration), Dhyana (meditation), and Samadhi (absorption).

The practice of Ashtanga Yoga begins with the cultivation of ethical principles and self-discipline, which provide a strong foundation for the other limbs of the path. Asana practice, which involves the physical postures, is the most well-known aspect of Ashtanga Yoga. However, the other limbs are equally important and work together to achieve the ultimate goal of Samadhi, or union with the divine.

Ashtanga Yoga is a comprehensive and holistic approach to spiritual practice, and its principles and techniques have been widely adopted and adapted in modern yoga practices.

b) What are the arguments given by Sāṁkhya to prove the existence of Purus͎a.

Ans – Sāṁkhya is one of the six orthodox schools of Indian philosophy that explores the nature of existence, consciousness, and liberation. The Sāṁkhya system postulates the existence of two distinct ontological categories: Puruṣa (the self or consciousness) and Prakṛti (matter or nature).

The Sāṁkhya system provides several arguments to prove the existence of Puruṣa. One of the main arguments is based on the principle of causality. Sāṁkhya argues that every effect must have a cause, and that the existence of consciousness or awareness cannot be explained by physical or material causes. Therefore, there must be a non-material, conscious principle that is the cause of consciousness and awareness.

Another argument put forward by Sāṁkhya is based on the principle of self-awareness. Sāṁkhya argues that the self or consciousness must exist because it is the source of awareness and perception. Without the self, there would be no subjectivity or awareness.

c) Write a note on the central theme of Kat͎hopanis͎ad.

Ans – The Kathopanishad is one of the major Upanishads in Hinduism that explores the nature of the self and the ultimate reality. The central theme of the Kathopanishad is the exploration of the relationship between the self and Brahman, the ultimate reality.

The Kathopanishad tells the story of a young boy named Nachiketa who seeks knowledge of the self and the nature of death. Through his dialogue with Yama, the lord of death, Nachiketa learns that the self is eternal and beyond death, and that the ultimate reality, Brahman, is the source and essence of all existence.

The Kathopanishad explores the nature of the self and the ultimate reality through a series of dialogues and teachings, and offers insights into the nature of existence, consciousness, and liberation.

d) Write a note on the Ramanuja’s idea of God.

Ans – Ramanuja was a prominent philosopher and theologian in the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. His idea of God is based on the concept of Vishishtadvaita, or qualified non-dualism.

According to Ramanuja, the ultimate reality, Brahman, is both immanent and transcendent, and is characterized by infinite qualities or attributes. The individual self, or jiva, is a distinct entity that is inseparable from Brahman and shares in its qualities and attributes. However, the jiva is not identical with Brahman and maintains its individuality.

Ramanuja's concept of God is characterized by devotion and surrender to the divine, and emphasizes the importance of bhakti, or devotion, as a means of attaining liberation. Ramanuja views the ultimate goal of human life as the attainment of moksha, or liberation, which is achieved through the grace of God and the practice of devotion and self-surrender.

Ramanuja's idea of God has had a significant influence on the development of devotional practices and theology in Hinduism, and continues to inspire spiritual seekers and scholars today.

Subcribe on Youtube - IGNOU SERVICE

For PDF copy of Solved Assignment

WhatsApp Us - 9113311883(Paid)