Aspects of creativity

Guilford (1986) considered creative thinking as involving divergent thinking, which emphasises fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Guilford, however, noted that creative thinking is not the same as divergent thinking, because creativity requires sensitivity to problems as well as redefinition abilities, which include transformations of thought, reinterpretations, and freedom from functional fixedness in driving unique solutions. In order to develop Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) and in its further revisions, Torrance (1966, 1974) has explained six components of creativity. He has described these aspects of creativity in terms of their mode of measurement. These aspects of creativity are:

1) Fluency: The number of relevant ideas; shows an ability to produce a number of figural images.

2) Flexibility: Flexibility is the individual’s ability to produce not only a large number of responses, ideas or solutions to a problem, but also a variety of responses, ideas or solutions to a problem.

3) Originality: The number of statistically infrequent ideas; shows an ability to produce uncommon or unique responses. 4) Elaboration: The number of added ideas; demonstrates the subject’s ability to develop and elaborate on ideas.

4) Abstractness of Titles: The degree beyond labeling; based on the idea that creativity requires an abstraction of thought. It measures the degree a title moves beyond concrete labeling of the pictures drawn.

5) Resistance to Premature Closure: The degree of psychological openness; based on the belief that creative behaviour requires a person to consider a variety of information when processing information and to keep an “open mind.”

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