‘Modern management techniques are an extension of F.W.Taylor’s Scientific Management approach’. Explain.

 Scientific management concept was developed by F.W.Taylor who implemented the scientific techniques such as observation, logic, analysis and combination to study the working conditions and management at the floor level in the factories and production units.

The concept of scientific management was given to improve the productivity, efficiency and effectiveness in the organization through the application of the proposed scientific principles and techniques.

Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management:

Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) was an American mechanical engineer and a consultant who proposed the concept of scientific management under the name The Principles of Scientific Management in the year 1911. He was also known as the ‘Father of Scientific Management Taylor made observations regarding the inexcusable work methods in the companies like Bethlehem Steel, Simonds Rolling Machine and Midvale Steel

In that era, there was a scarcity of skilled labour in the industries. Taylor found that the organizations and the managers failed to utilize the available human resources effectively, and also, no contribution was made in the direction of enhancing the labour’s efficiency. During his observation, Taylor identified the various factors leading to low productivity and inefficiency in the organization. Some of these are as follows: The labour brought their poorly designed personal tools to be used in the workplace.

Unorganized job training was provided to the workers, and they tend to decide the speed of the work and machine by themselves.  Instead of the individual’s skills set, the workers were hired according to the first come, first-hired’ basis. The managers used to work along with labours leaving aside the essential planning and organizing activities. Thus, these crucial management functions were performed by untrained employees.

Based on his findings, Taylor criticized the ineffective ways of the managers to handle the work situations and also for providing liberty to the employees for deciding their work methods and speed by themselves. The concept of the rule of thumb was based on the trial and error method. However, Taylor believed that to perform any task efficiently, there is only one best possible method which is developed after an indepth analysis of that job.

Thus, it becomes the standard way of carrying out that particular task each time, throughout the organization. when science is applied instead of the rule of thumb, to any job, it standardizes that work. Moreover, the workers get a specialized way of performing the task and wastage of a lot of time, cost and resources can be avoided.  Taylor emphasized on maintaining peace and harmony in the workplace, and there should be no conflict.

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