Discuss the illness related to food, diet and obesity.

The illness related to food:

Food has a relevant impact on our day to day functioning, the way we look and behave and feel. 

Food has five main components that are necessary for metabolic process of our body. These five components are discussed as follows:

Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates constitute sugars, both simple and complex sugars

Lipids: These constitute the saturated and polyunsaturated fats, and cholesterol. These are also a source of energy. Some of the sources of lipids are butter and cooking oils.

Proteins: Proteins are made up of amino acids that are organic molecules and they are important for our development as well as functioning mainly because they play a role in synthesis of new cell material.

Vitamins: These can be termed as chemicals that are organic. They not only play a role in regulation of metabolism but in physiological functioning as well.

Minerals: Minerals constitutes calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, iron, iodine, and zinc, that are inorganic in nature. These also play an important role in physiological functioning and development.

The illness related to diet:

Diet in this context can be explained as what we eat. And what we eat is determined by a number of factors.

Some of these factors have been discussed as follows:

Inborn processes: In born processes can determine our preference for certain types of food. The chemicals in our brains may play a role in what we eat and often pleasure centres are activated when fatty foods are consumed.

Environmental factors: These include exposure to food, culture, Socioeconomic Status, accessibility to junk and fast foods, influence of media and so on.

Ability to manage and control ones food buying and eating habits: This is also an important factor that determines what kind of food we buy and eat.

It is necessarily a skill as we determine the food that we eat based on whether it is nutritious or not and thus make healthy choices. B

The illness related to obesity:

An unhealthy diet can lead to numerous health related issues including atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes and even cancer.

Though yet another aspect of unhealthy diet that makes us susceptible to health related problems is obesity. There are various factors that can be associated with obesity, these are discussed as follows:

1 The type of food that we eat can be associated with our weight gain. Frequent indulgence in junk food and sugary treats can lead to obesity.

2 The number and the size of fat cells also determine obesity. Thus, a moderately obese person will have larger size of fat cells and an extremely obese person will have both large amount as well as size of fat cells.

3 Obesity also has genetic basis and obese parents are more likely to have obese children. The metabolism rate (rate at which the calories are burned) is also determined by genes and persons with obesity have lower rate of metabolism.

4 Every individual has a ‘set point that determines his/ her weight range (thus indicating that obesity could also be attributed to the ‘set point’, that could be of higher weight range in individuals with obesity). 

5 Obesity can also be attributed to stress as it not only has an impact on one’s metabolism but also influences eating habits.

6 Obesity leads to slow metabolism, which in turn works in order to maintain the increased weight.

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