Briefly discuss Maslow’s theory of motivation.

Maslow’s theory of motivation: 

Abraham Harold Maslow advocated the theory of motivation based on various needs. Maslow identified five distinct categories of needs.

He arranged these needs into a hierarchy, and stated that individuals wish to satisfy particular need to a moderate extent, and then tries to satisfy the next need in the hierarchy. Maslow identified human needs into five distinct categories.

Based on the concept Maslow identified five categories of needs and their role in motivating individuals.They are described below:

1) Physiological Needs: Basic and primary needs required for human existence are physiological needs.They relate to biological and are required for preservation of basic human life.

These needs are identified to the human organ in the body.

2) Safety Needs: Individuals seek protection from natural environment, biological danger, economic deprivation and emotional threat from other beings and animals.

For this purpose, he wishes security for himself. The protection may be in the form of seeking a shelter and forming into primary groups to combat threat from the natural beings.

3) Social Needs: Basically individual is a social being. He cannot live in isolation and silence. Thus, he intends to establish relationship with other human beings and some times wish to rear animals. 

Social needs emerge from the basic urge of individuals to associate, belong with others, make friendship, make companionship, desire to be accepted by others and seek affection.

4) Esteem Needs: Maslow believes that people seek growth. They have natural desire to be identified and respected by others. This instinct is called as esteem.

Esteem needs are associated with self-esteem and esteem from others.

5) Self-actualization Needs: Self-actualization is the transformation of perception and dream into reality. Individuals have inner potential to do something different from others.

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