Fascism

The characteristics and the main tenet of the Fascism are based on the book, ‘Fascism’ by Mussolini. Mussolini conception on state, society, democracy, and freedom is best summed up in following words:

“Anti-individualistic, the fascist conception of life stresses the importance if the state and accepts individuals only in so far as his interests coincide with those of state, which stands for the conscience and the universal will of man as a historic entity. It is opposed to classical liberalism which arose as a reaction to absolutism and exhausted its historical when the state became the expression of the conscience and will of the people.”

Mussolini further maintains: “Liberalism denied the  in the name if the individuals. Fascism reasserts the rights of the state as expressing the real essence of the individuals. And if liberty is to be the attribute of living men and not of abstract dummies invented by the individualistic liberalism, then Fascism stands for liberty, and for the only liberty worth having, the liberty of the state and of the individuals within the state.”

Elaborating the Fascist concept of the state, Mussolini asserts: “The Fascist concept of the state is all embracing; outside of it no human or the spiritual values can exist, much less have the value. Thus understood, Fascism is totalitarian, and the Fascist state- a synthesis and unit inclusive of all values– interprets, develops and potentialities the whole life of the people.”

If one analyses the characteristics of the Fascism, is nothing but a totalitarian state packed with narrow concept of the nationalism. Firstly, it is based on physical strength. Force and naked strength are the pivotal around which this Fascism revolves.

Secondly, Fascism stands for arbitrary rule. The ruler or the dictator is not responsible or accountable to people or any other authority. It rules according to his will and is not limited by any considerations except those he himself decides.

Thirdly, the ruler dictator has got absolute power. His power does not emanate from constitution or from any other authority. Fascism is in favour of a totalitarian state. It commands and controls every aspect of human life. Whether it is social, cultural, economic and personal life, it interferes everywhere.

Fourthly, it has faith in violence. It is based on fear and punishment. People obey the diktats of the ruler not out of any reverence but because of punishment and prosecution. There is no distinction between state and society. 

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