Explain Social Justice with relevant example.

 Social Justice: Aristotle believed justice as a “virtue of the soul distributing that which each person deserved”. Cicero thought it originated from the divine law of eternal and immutable morality, and it makes people duty bound. The system of justice varies as it depends on the values and norms prevailing in the society. These systems take two approaches: protective and promotive. Protective is safeguarding people against abuse and exploitation. Promotive creates conditions to ensure equality, freedom, fraternity and provide opportunities to weaker sections.

Justice is used in two senses: the abstract and the concrete. Abstract is a code of conduct and the concrete means the implementation of existing laws. Justice brings a sense of duty and concern for others. It also creates and sustains trust and confidence among people. It creates an atmosphere of peace and tranquility. It thus optimizes the personal and social functioning.

Social justice implies the idea of ‘just distribution’ of benefits to build a just society. Social justice ensures equalization of opportunities to weaker and vulnerable sections of society. It rectifies injustice in personal relations of people and removes imbalances in the political, economic and social life of people.

Justice Krishna Iyer says social justice assures every member of society a fair deal. The concept covers distribution of means, benefits and burdens and biological, social, economic and cultural development of people in a society. 

Article 38 of the Constitution of India refers to social, economic and political justice to promote the welfare of the people. The following are the specific objectives of social justice:

(1) Establish the rule of law.

(2) Ensure equality of opportunity.

(3) Provide special opportunities to weaker sections.

(4) Ensure equal benefits to all.

(5) Prevent exploitation of weaker sections.

(6) Protect and preserve the religion and culture of minorities.  

Social justice has evolved wherever discrimination, abuse and exploitation existed. In the United States, social justice evolved to provide special opportunities for the development of Blacks and the native Red Indians. In India, social justice evolved to provide special privileges to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.  

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