What are the bases of Integration, as suggested by M.P.Folllet.

 Prasad (2010) in his Book on Administrative Thinkers has observed that the following are the bases for achieving integration as put forward by Follet.

1)      The first step towards achieving integration, as per Follett, is to bring the differences into the open instead of suppressing them. “We cannot hope to integrate”, she asserts, “our differences unless we know what they are”. What is needed, therefore, is to uncover, identify and understand the real issues involved in a conflict.

2)      The second step is breaking up of the whole Le., to consider the demands of both sides involved in conflict and to break them into their constituent parts. This involves examination of symbols, use of which is unavoidable in organisational work. This in turn involves a careful scrutinising of the language used to see what it really means. To Follett, all language used is symbolic, and therefore, one should be on guard to know as to what is being symbolised. Integration not only involves breaking up of the whole, but sometimes onc has to do the opposite. It is important to articulate the whole demand, the real demand, which is being obscured by miscellaneous minor claims or by ineffective presentation.

3)      The shind step is the anticipation of conflict. It does not mean avoidance of conflict but responding to it differently. To Follett, integration is like a game of chess. Anticipation of response is by itself not enough; there is need for preparation for response as well. This involves building up of certain attitudes in the people.

Normally, people are adjusted to the idea of dominative behaviour, by their character and habit. So, it is not easy to convince the idea of integration. Effective integration generally requires high intelligence, keen perception, discrimination, and inventiveness.

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