The term ‘subaltern’ was coined by Antonio Gramsci. Initially it was widely used to denote inferior rank in army, but nowadays, the term subaltern implies people of inferior rank for his/her various attributes such as economic condition, race, ethnicity, gender, caste, sexual orientation and people are marginalised for such attributes.
Italian Neo-Marxist
Antonio Gramsci initiated the concept of subaltern in his Prison Notebooks to
signify marginalised people. In general, subaltern implies people who are of
inferior ranks, but, Gramsci uses the term in much broader sense than its
general meaning. By subaltern, he meant all kinds of non-hegemonic those who
did not occupy powerful and upper class status groups in a class divided
society. As such, subaltern implies group or individuals who are outside the
power structure. They are made subaltern or subordinated by the dominant
hegemonic power structures and they suffer under dominant power relations.
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