Direct and indirect use value of biodiversity

 Direct use values are for those goods that are ensured directly e.g. food and timber. Maintaining a wide range of components of biological diversity can be of direct use, especially in the fields of agriculture, medicine and industry. Direct use can involve the use of forests, wetlands or other ecosystems for timber extraction, collection of non-timber products, fishing, etc. Direct use values could be due to extractive use where resources are extracted and consumed, or due to non-extractive use when there is no extraction or removal of the resource that is used (e.g. bird watching, scientific research in an ecosystem).

Indirect use value is for those services that support the items that are consumed. Various indirect use values are as follows :

·         Non-consumptive value

·         Aesthetic value

·         Cultural and religious values

·         Ethical values

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